Perceptions and experiences of students with visual impairments regarding barriers and opportunities in Paraguayan higher education

Abstract

This descriptive qualitative study explores the perceptions and experiences of six visually impaired university students in the Asunción Metropolitan Area regarding barriers and opportunities in Paraguayan higher education. The sample was selected using network sampling or “snowball sampling”. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data, which were analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results show the presence of structural, technological, and attitudinal barriers that hinder these students´ access and effective participation, despite regulatory advances such as Law No. 5136/2013 on Inclusive Education. Among the main difficulties are insufficient accessible infrastructure, a shortage of adapted materials, and limited teacher training in inclusion. However, positive experiences related to the support of some teachers and classmates were also identified. These findings underscore the urgent need to implement effective inclusive policies, strengthen technological accessibility, and raise awareness among the university community to ensure equitable higher education.